Illicit mineral supply chains fuel the DRC’s M23 insurgency

Payne Institute Critical Minerals Program Manager Clarkson Kamurai, Energy Finance Lab Program Director Brad Handler, and Director Morgan Bazilian write about how the insurgency by M23 in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the latest example of the damage that can be wrought by the illicit trade of mined materials. April 23, 2025.