Decarbonizing the iron and steel industry: A systematic review of sociotechnical systems, technological innovations, and policy options

Jinsoo Kim, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Payne Institute Director Morgan Bazilian, Payne Institute Fellow Steve Griffiths, Junghwan Lee, Minyoung Yang, and Payne Institute Program Director Jordy Lee write about how the iron and steel industry is the largest coal consumer and the most greenhouse gas intensive industry. It consumes about 7% of global energy supply, and conservative estimates report that it is responsible for 7–9% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Decarbonization of the iron and steel industry is thus vital to meet climate change mitigation targets and achieve a sustainable future for the industry.  March 8, 2022.