How Europe’s Carbon Tax is Reshaping Mineral Markets

Payne Institute Student Researcher Sravan Lavudya and Geothermal and Low Carbon Technologies Program Manager Anna Littlefield write how across the global minerals sector, from mines in Australia to refineries in Brazil and smelters in South Africa, a new force is reshaping the landscape.  It is not being driven by markets or technology but by policy coming out of Brussels. April 15, 2026.